For location, Tokyo is not available now, and I choose Newark based on speed test (rather than Fremont).
Ref: Getting Started with Linode
ssh root@[IP]
The IP address can be find in the “Remote Access” panel. Enter the password to log in.
Upgrade packages
sudo apt-get update && apt-get upgrade
Set hostname
echo "hostname" > /etc/hostname
# Set hostname from file
hostname -F /etc/hostname
# Verify hostname
hostname
Edit hosts file
nano /etc/hosts
and add a line:
[IP address] [Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN)] hostname
The value you assign as your system’s FQDN should have an “A” record in DNS pointing to your Linode’s IPv4 address.
(Save and close file after editing with nano: CTRL-X, then Y, then ENTER.)
Set timezone:
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
# Check time
date
Ref: Securing Your Server
Create user:
adduser example_user
Add user to sudo group:
adduser example_user sudo
Switch to example_user:
exit
ssh example_user@[IP]
On local machine,
ssh-keygen -b 4096
Press Enter three times to use default filenames and empty passphrase.
Two files id_rsa and id_rsa.pub are generated in /home/your_username/.ssh.
On Linode,
mkdir -p ~/.ssh && sudo chmod -R 700 ~/.ssh/
Upload public key to server:
scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub example_user@[IP]:~/.ssh/authorized_keys
Exit and log into Linode again. No password is needed now.
Edit /etc/ssh/sshd_config
# Disable SSH password authentication
PasswordAuthentication no
# Disable PAM authentication
UsePAM no
# Disallow root logins over SSH
PermitRootLogin no
Apply new ssh configurations:
sudo systemctl restart sshd
sudo apt-get install fail2ban
To see your Linode’s running network services:
sudo netstat -tulpn
And remove unused services accordingly.
Refs:
Ref: Getting oh-my-zsh to work in Ubuntu
Prereq:
sudo apt-get install zsh
sudo apt-get install git-core
Getting zsh to work in ubuntu is weird, since sh does not understand the source command. So, you do this to install zsh
wget https://github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/raw/master/tools/install.sh -O - | zsh
and then you change your shell to zsh
chsh -s `which zsh`
and then reboot
sudo shutdown -r 0
Because the default theme does not show hostname, we may want to change a theme (zsh themes).
Edit ~/.zshrc file
ZSH_THEME="alanpeabody"
Use Cyberduck: Transfer Files with Cyberduck on Mac OS X
Ref: Install VNC on Ubuntu 16.04
Install full desktop:
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop gnome-panel gnome-settings-daemon metacity nautilus gnome-terminal
Or, install desktop environments without full packages (no tools like office and browser, small size, however there exists coding problem for Chinese font):
sudo apt-get install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-desktop gnome-panel gnome-settings-daemon metacity nautilus gnome-terminal
During the install process, you will be asked whether or not to change a system file to the new version. Type y then enter to use the updated version.
Install VNC server:
sudo apt-get install vnc4server
Exit and reconnect with command:
ssh -L 5901:127.0.0.1:5901 user@[IP]
start vnc server (for first time, set a password after prompt):
vncserver :1
Then connect with VNC viewer.
Ignore the “unencrypted connection” message. And a gray screen showed.
Close VNC server:
vncserver -kill :1
And edit ~/.vnc/xstartup file to add a few lines to the end:
gnome-panel &
gnome-settings-daemon &
metacity &
nautilus &
Start VNC server again and connect from client. Desktop should show.
In case that VNC viewer shows connection error: “Too many Security Failures”, restart the server:
vncserver -kill :1
vncserver :1
How To Install Chrome Browser In Linux Or Ubuntu VPS
like this:
perl: warning: Setting locale failed.
perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:
LANGUAGE = (unset),
LC_ALL = (unset),
LANG = "en_US.UTF-8"
are supported and installed on your system.
perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C").
Solution: comment out line from /etc/ssh/sshd_config:
AcceptEnv LANG LC_*
Ref: link
Last modified: 2016-12-12